Distinguishing Between However & Although

However vs Although

However and although are both conjunctions used to connect sentences or two clauses within the same sentence. They are often used to express a relationship between two sentences, conveying a contrast between them. Many English learners find it difficult to differentiate between the two due to their similarities, so this article aims to clarify their differences to ensure correct usage.

Key Takeaways:

• Although is a subordinate conjunction, while however is a conjunctive adverb.
• However is more formal than although.
• Both although and however connect two sentences that do not go well with each other, but using however creates a more formal and stiff sentence that is heavily dependent upon the clause that follows it.

However

However is an adverb that also serves the purpose of joining two sentences. It is a conjunctive adverb used to introduce an idea that contrasts with the idea presented in the previous clause. To use this conjunctive adverb, a semicolon must be used after the first clause of the sentence, followed by a comma after “however”.

However is typically used in formal situations and introduces an element of surprise when presenting the contrasting idea in the second clause of the sentence. It is also a transition that can be used to express a contrast, helping writers convey a second point that sharply contrasts with the first point made in the previous sentence. Normally, however is placed at the beginning of a sentence, but it can also be placed in the middle or even at the end of a sentence to convey the same impression.

Although

Although is a transition commonly used to introduce a contrasting idea. Its purpose is similar to that of however, but it is considered less formal. Although is a subordinate conjunction that can be used in front of a sentence, turning the sentence into a dependent clause. This dependent or subordinate clause then does not remain a standalone sentence. A comma must be used after using although in the first clause to connect the two clauses and create a meaningful sentence.

For example:
Sam loves Helen.
He will not marry her.
These sentences can be connected using “although” to add an element of surprise: “Although Sam loves Helen, he will not marry her.”

What is the difference between However and Although?

• Although is a subordinate conjunction, while however is a conjunctive adverb.
• However is more formal than although.
• Both although and however connect two sentences that do not go well with each other.
• A more formal and stiff sentence is created with the use of however, and the sentence becomes heavily dependent upon the clause that follows it.
• Although relates to the phrase “in spite of the fact” and can be replaced with “though” in all situations.
• The order of ideas when using although is insignificant, whereas it becomes significant in the case of however.