Industrialization and Urbanization are processes that have a relationship with each other, but also have their differences. Industrialization is the process in which a society transforms from an agrarian society to an industrial one. On the other hand, urbanization is the process where people migrate from rural areas to urban areas. The main difference between the two is that urbanization can be seen as a result of industrialization where people move to cities in search of work and better living conditions.
Key Takeaways
- Industrialization refers to the transformation of a society from agrarian to industrial.
- Urbanization is the migration of people from rural areas to urban areas.
- Urbanization can be considered as a consequence of industrialization, where people move to cities in search of work and better living conditions.
Understanding Industrialization
Industrialization is associated with the Industrial Revolution that took place in the late eighteenth century in England, bringing about significant changes in society. Key features of industrialization include the rise of capitalism, the shift from feudal systems to wage labor in factories, and the development of science and technology. Industrialization led to the creation of a large surplus, but it was mainly enjoyed by the capitalist class. The process also had various impacts on society, such as the exploitation of the working class, changes in family structures, and urbanization.
Examining Urbanization
Urbanization can be seen as a result of industrialization, as the establishment of large factories in urban areas required a large number of factory workers. People from rural areas migrated to cities for work, as they were no longer tied to the land as they were in the feudal system. Reasons for migration to urban areas include better housing, education, and other facilities. However, urbanization can also have negative effects, such as uprooting and isolation, stress, high cost of living, alienation, and health issues.
Differences between Industrialization and Urbanization
Industrialization is the primary process, while urbanization is a secondary process. Industrialization leads to urbanization, which is a consequence of industrialization. People work in factories as a result of industrialization, while they move to cities due to urbanization. The lifestyle of most working-class people during industrialization was harsh, with long working hours, whereas urbanization led to the disruption of family structures that existed in rural areas.
