First Industrial Revolution
The First Industrial Revolution occurred between the 1760s and 1820s, originating in Great Britain before spreading to Western Europe and North America. It involved the transition from manual production to machine manufacturing, including the introduction of chemicals, iron production, and the development of water and steam power. Coal was used as the primary power source, and the textile industry was the first to adopt modern technology. The First Industrial Revolution led to increased income and living standards for many people.
Second Industrial Revolution
The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution, took place from the 1840s until World War I. It was characterized by the increased adoption of steam transport, large-scale manufacturing of machine tools, and the use of steam-powered machines in companies. Railroads were built, and steel and iron production expanded. Electricity and electrical communication were also significant inventions of this period. Rapid industrial development occurred in Germany and the United States, along with advancements in petroleum, paper making machines, automobiles, maritime technology, and chemicals.
Key Takeaways
- The First Industrial Revolution centered on textiles, steam power, and iron, while the Second Industrial Revolution focused on steel, railroads, petroleum, chemicals, and electricity.
- The First Industrial Revolution originated in Great Britain, while the Second Industrial Revolution originated in Germany.
- The Second Industrial Revolution is also known as the Technological Revolution, as it brought about significant advancements in various industries.
