Key Difference – Working Memory vs Short Term Memory
Working memory and Short term memory are often confused as the same concept, but there is a significant difference between the two. Although both terms are used in psychological studies and neuroscience, they refer to different aspects of memory.
Key Takeaways
- Working memory is a theoretical concept used in cognitive psychology and neuroscience, which holds transitory information and processes that allow the manipulation of this information.
- Short term memory, also known as primary memory or active memory, is the temporary memory which lasts for a few seconds and can hold up to 7 plus or minus 2 elements.
- Short term memory is a part of working memory, and working memory holds controllers that allow the integration, disposal, and retrieval of short-term memory information.
What is Working Memory?
The term “working memory” was introduced by Miller, Galanter and Pribram in 1960. It can be considered as a system that holds transitory information and processes which allow this information to be manipulated. The subsystems of working memory may hold verbal memories, visual memories, and controllers that allow manipulation. Working memory is different from short-term memory, as it includes controllers that allow integration, disposal, and retrieval of short-term memory information. Working memory tends to decline with age.
What is Short Term Memory?
Short term memory is a concept that emerged from Freudian psychology’s conscious mind theories. It is the information that is stored in the mind for a few seconds to approximately 30 seconds. This information is temporary and often quickly forgotten, but if it is rehearsed and used by some process, it can move into long-term memory. Short term memory capacity varies from person to person and is active and readily available for a short duration. Short term memory is a part of working memory.
What is the difference between Working Memory and Short Term Memory?
Definitions of Working Memory and Short Term Memory:
Working Memory: Working memory is the system that comprises short-term memory and the structures and processes that help store and manipulate information temporarily.
Short Term Memory: Short term memory is the temporary memory that lasts for a few seconds.
Characteristics of Working Memory and Short Term Memory:
System:
Working Memory: Working memory is a system.
Short Term Memory: Short term memory is one of the subsystems of the working memory.
